How Steroids Has A Negative Effect On The World And The...

Ryan Thomas English 12 An individuals god-given talent is what makes watching professional sports entertaining or is the use of steroids and PED’s? As a sports fan this is what runs through an individuals mind , steroids has forever changed the world we live in and the people around us. Therefore , making the world we live in fueled by drugs contacts instead of individual skill and talent . Many individuals don t really understand the real consequences and the harmful effects .God-given skill and natural ability is very hard to find because ones skill is determined on who may have the best drug contact instead of who has the best god-given talent. In order to take a stand we must teach a lot of individuals what happens when†¦show more content†¦Although he showed the sign that he was indeed popular and ebullient , the thing that hurt Taylor in the long run was the anabolic steroids that he took in high school and such a young age. As an adolescent its important that the older generation tea ch the younger generation that the ac of steroids and anabolic steroids are a danger to ones health. It is important that treatment professionals understand the history behind steroids , what draws young athletes to steroid use and what counselors can do to help adolescents. With the help of a professional , Taylor may been able to get out of his addiction with anabolic steroids. However , its easy to that actions speak louder than words and in this case it was too late. I m worried about kids, said Dr. Donald A. Malone, a psychiatrist at the Cleveland Clinic. It’s more than just the body and mind its about the things that can make or destroy this world , steroids have changed individuals mindsets and destroyed the world around us. Professional athletes are the ones that we sports fanatics and fans look up to , when our heroes cheat we must think that its acceptable to do so. These such words by Doctor Richard T. Bosshardt that state â€Å"Sports can teach children to young adults so many valuable lessons: the value of hard work, that fitness and mastery of a sport are their own reward, teamwork, dealing with adversity, focus, consistency and on and on. To have this undermined by doping among those

Science The Mystery Of The Lost Colony - 1055 Words

Science Unravels the Mystery of the Lost Colony What makes history such an interesting subject to study are the many mysteries intertwined with in it. Over the years many of the mysteries have been solved. However, one of the most intriguing mysteries still remains unsolved and leaves us with a question that needs to be answered, what happened to the settlers of the Lost Colony of Roanoke? Since their disappearance historians have come up with multiple theories about what could have possibly happened. The most popular and widely accepted theory suggests that a hostile Native American tribe abducted the colonists and either killed them or made them slaves. An alternative theory suggests that the Spanish attacked the colony and killed the settlers. Another less credible, but still popular, theory is about the Dare Stones, a set of rocks that tell stories supposedly by the colonists which explain what happened to them. While all of these theories have some merit there are inconstanci es within them that make each of them false. A lack of information and technology is what caused the flaws in these theories and make incorrect. However, thanks to advancement in technology and new information a recent scientific study can prove what happened to the colonists of Roanoke. This new theory can be used to explain the disappearance of the hundreds of colonists and finally shed light on a mystery that is centuries old. Roanoke was the earliest English attempt to establish aShow MoreRelatedThe Mystery of the Lost Colony941 Words   |  4 Pagescenturies the disappearance of the Roanoke colonists has been one of the great mysteries in the historical community. Within the span of three years, 120 colonists disappeared from an English colony on Roanoke Island, a small piece of land off the coast of North Carolina. The evidence left behind barely gives us a clue as to what could have happened to the entire colony. With the testimony of John White, the leader of the colony th at left the settlement to get more supplies, and what little evidence thereRead MoreThe Disappearance Of The Roanoke Island Colony1214 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica’s past is a mysterious one, riddled with unsolved questions and misleading legends. One of the most prominent enigmas that has haunted historians for centuries is the disappearance of the Roanoke Island Colony, also known to many as The Lost Colony. After leaving for three years, the governor of Roanoke Island, John White, returned to find the settlement abandon. The only remaining clue was the word â€Å"CROATOAN† carved into a fence post and the letters â€Å"CRO† etched into a nearby tree. SeveralRead MoreEssay about The Roanoke Colony3826 Words   |  16 PagesThe Roanoke colony was located on the Roanoke Island, in Dare County. This is where North Carolina is located today. In 1584, explorers Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe were the first Europeans to set view the island. They were sent to that particular region by Sir Walter Raleigh with the assignment of exploring the extensive sounds and estuaries in hunt of an ideal location for settlement. Barlowe wrote bright information of Roanoke Island, and when the explorers returned to England a year afterwardRead MoreColony Collapse Disorder and Pesticides Essay1584 Words   |  7 PagesColony Collapse Disorder and Pesticides From around the year 2006, many bee farmers in the U.S.A and some parts of Europe started reporting sharp declines in their bee stocks. The reason for this declining numbers was not known and therefore scientists named it colony collapse disorder (CCD). Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a not a very old phenomena and it became popular when large number of bee colonies started disappearing. The disappearing was mysterious since no dead bees were found in orRead MoreWhat Triggered The Witch Craze?1564 Words   |  7 Pageshardships the colonists faced were seen as good for their spiritual journey and beneficial for the colony. What’s more, this also worked to cement the society’s views regarding gender and a woman’s place in society because any change in the gendered roles of women would have been seen as a departure from what English colonists believed to be God’s will. For this reason, women living in English colonies experienced exclusion and subjugation. An event that exemplifies this exclusion and subjugationRead MoreAmerican Myths and Mysteries Essay2813 Words   |  12 Pagesinteresting mysteries that have not been solved and myths passed down from generation to generation. No one knows what caused these myths to come about or why these mysteries were never solved, but they are a very interesting part of American history. From mysteries involving serial killers to myths about mysterious creatures, there is a wide range of the unknown that many people, except for witnesses, have never heard about. Now let’s take a look into some of the most fantastic myths and mysteries in AmericaRead MoreChildren of Men by P.D. James1426 Words   |  6 PagesCHILDREN OF MEN by P.D. James Author and Importance of her work Phyllis Dorothy James (1920 - ) is one of the greatest English novelist of all times, and unquestionably, the greatest mystery writer alive. She is often compared to Agatha Christy because of her mastery to accomplice suspense and to make the reader addictive to her stories, but the fact is that her writing goes higher than that. She has said that her influences include Jane Austen, Graham Greene and Evelyn Waugh. Her first novelRead MoreThe Way Out Of The Big Apple1709 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Believe it or not,† says Donahue, â€Å"I saw the movie Jaws when I was seven years old, and that was all I wanted to do.† After obtaining an undergraduate degree in marine science from Nova Southeastern University in Florida, Donahue began interning in shark studies at the University of Miami’s Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science. During her internship, Donahue researched shark immunology under a veterinarian turned marine scientist named Dr. Sonny Groo ver. After searching for jobs post-internshipRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1733 Words   |  7 Pageswritten by Margaret Atwood in 1985. Dystopian novels often feature societal norms taken to dangerous extremes. Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale contains each and every feature of a typical dystopian novel, though she prefers to refer to it as social science-fiction. Ideological and social conditions taken to extremes enforced by authoritarian regimes, social trends isolated or exaggerated, and stability being secured through impossible ideals are all features highlighted in this novel. Atwood wrote TheRead MoreCrime in India Among the Youth in Recent Times1665 Words   |  7 Pagesof this mania, said Shama Khan, associate professor of Government College. The recent change I feel is the lack of discipline in the youths which leads to stress and depression, added Chanda Keswani, associate professor of civics and political science. The youth are under constant pressure to perform. Fierce competition and increasing stress in the environment compel the youths to opt an easy way out, said Chitra Arora, principal of Government Girls College and professor of Philosophy. Students

Amylase Trials free essay sample

Based upon your experimental results, write a paragraph discussing the relationship between environmental conditions and enzyme function. *There are many environmental factors these may include temperature because if its too cold the enzyme would still work but it would work slowly and if its too hot the enzyme will become denatured. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules increase so they move around more meaning that there are more collisions between the enzymes and substrates molecules and therefore more reactions. Ph is a factor because the different types of enzymes work best in different pH environments, a change in pH interferes with the shape of the enzymes active site (where it bonds and reacts with substrates) and therefore does not fit the shape of the substrate as well so the enzyme is unable to work on the substrate. Also changing the concentration of enzyme and substrate concentrations will affect the number of collisions between them and therefore the number of reactions. We will write a custom essay sample on Amylase Trials or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page High fever can be a very dangerous condition for anyone, as it is an indicator of a serious infection. Based on this project, suggest a possible explanation for this medical concern. *Fever is often a response to an infection, illness, or some other cause; the hypothalamus may reset the body to a higher temperature. The substances that can cause fever are called pyrogens, which can come from inside the body or outside the body. Salivary amylase and pancreatic amylase are released by two accessory organs of the digestive system. In what structures do the enzymes actually chemically digest food? Based on the information you have learned about the digestive system, describe the optimal pH for the action of pancreatic amylase. Do classroom experimental results seem to support this finding? Why might there be differences?

Alzheimer`s Disease (1466 words) Essay Example For Students

Alzheimer`s Disease (1466 words) Essay Alzheimer`s DiseaseAlzheimers Disease is a progressive, degenerative disease that affects thebrain. Individuals with AD experience a progressive and specific loss ofcognitive function resulting from the differentiation of the limbic system,association neocortex, and basal forebrain. It is also accompanied by thedeposition of amyloid in plaques and cerebrovasculature, and the formation ofneurofibrillary tangles in neurons. Alois Alzheimer, a German doctor, diagnosedthis disease for the first time in 1907. At that time it was considered a raredisorder. Currently, this tragic brain disorder affects approximately fourmillion people; It is the most common type of dementia and the fourth leadingcause of death in the United States. Many studies have been done and are stillbeing conducted to determine the exact cause of AD. The molecular and biologicalbasis for the degeneration of neurons in AD is incompletely understood. However,the APP(Amyloid Precursor Protein) and its proteolytic fragmen ts have beenimplicated more often than not and is the focus of most current studies. Severallines of evidence have strengthened the amyloid hypothesis for AlzheimersDisease. The first being the identification of point mutations with the APP genein groups of patients afflicted with the familial forms of AD. Second, amyloiddeposition temporally precedes the formation of neurofibrillary changes. Inaddition, b-amyloid has been shown to be toxic to neurons. In AlzheimersDisease, b-Amyloid proteins derived from APP are the main component of neuriticplaques. It is believed that errantly processed APP derivatives may inducephysiological processes that lead to neurodegeneration and plague formation. Many studies have successfully linked APP with AD. One study on transgenic micewith human APP717(associated with familial AD) displayed subcellularneurodegeneration similar to those observed in AD, including dystrophic neurites,disruption of synaptic junction, and intracellular amyloid and reactive gliosis. Amyloid deposits in the tg mice were very similar to those found in AD and wasreadily recognized by anti-b-amyloid antibody. In other studies, Hippocampalpyramidal neurons in AD display an intense immunostaining with 10 differentantibodies against subsequences of APP. The area containing the stained neuronswere consistent with those showing the most neuropathology in AD. Collectively,these data show APP as being closely associated with neurodegeneration. However,it is still unclear if APP is the cause of cell death in the AD brain. APP couldbe one of many factors participating with differnent intracellular processes tocause cell death. In hope of finding more information on Alzheimers disease,researchers look for similarities and connections to other more understoodillnesses, one being the prion disease. This disorder is a neurodegenerativedisease characterized by prion protein deposits and is associated with reactiveastrocytes and microglial cells. Alzheimers disease is similarlycha racterized by plagues and inflammatory astrocytes. Many earlier studies foundthat prion peptides and b-amyloid proteins activate microglial cells bysecreting cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and other neurotoxins. Analogousto typical inflammatory signaling response such as those mediated throughclassical immune receptors, b-amyloid and prion proteins activate a commontyosine kinase-dependent pathway. This was indicated by an elevated level ofphosphotyrosine in plaque associated microglials of AD. Microglial treated withinhibitors of specific protein in the tyrosine kinase-based pathway successfullyblocked amyloid-stimulated secretion of neurotoxins and reduced the number ofcell death. Despite this documentation on amyloid-induced production ofneurotoxins, it does not resolve the issue of what causes AD. The speciesresponsible for neurodegeneration in AD still remain controversial. However, itdoes implicate b-amyloid peptide along with numerous coordinated responsepathways and med iating species. Neurodegeneration in AD is suspected to becaused by apoptosis or programmed cell death. Research with andenovirus-mediatedAPP gene transfer, demonstrate that neurons in vivo are vulnerable tointracellular accumulation of APP. Hippocampal pyramidal neurons show severeatrophy and nuclear DNA fragmentation, a typical feature of apoptosis. Infectionof rat hippocampal cells with an adonovirus contain APP695 cDNA enhancedglutamate induced rise of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Elevation of Ca2+level in the cellular compartment can cause activation of a numbersCa2+-dependent degradative processes, including apoptosis. Interestingly, one ofthe newly discovered apoptosis-linked genes encodes a Ca2+ bindingsite. The increase in intracellular level of Ca2+ could come from the impairmentof glucose transporters. Data from studies in AD shows that the transporters forGlucose uptake, GLUT3, to be decreased. When glucose uptake is compromised, ATPproduction diminishes, Na/K+ pump s stops and the neuron depolarizes releasingglutamate. Large release of glutamate can cause a Ca2+ overload in the neuron. West Gallery and East Gallery EssayIn cells over expressing the mutant PS-1 L286V gene were extremely sensitive toapoptotic inducers. Data suggests that the PS-1 gene affects regulate freeradical metabolism and calcium homeostasis. Thus, cells expressing the PS-1mutation are under oxidative stress and are more sensitive to an increase in b-Amyloidpeptides. It is uncertain whether b-Amyloid is the underlying cause ofAlzheimers Disease. Exposure of this peptide to cultured neurons has beenshown to cause extensive cellular degeneration. Ironically, b-Amyloid can alsobe detected in healthy non-demented subjects. It could be said that, inAlzheimers Disease, b-Amyloid promote cellular degeneration by working withmany endogenous systems. Classical immune receptors, ion homeostasis,anti-apoptotic proteins, anti-oxidants concentrations, lysosomal/endosomalsystem, and AchE are a few key cellular systems that were mentioned in thisreview. In individuals with a high risk for this disease, thes e systems arecompromised in an unkown fashion, thus, allowing b-Amyloid to assert a toxiceffect on the neuron.

Doll House Essays (746 words) - A Dolls House,

Doll House Feminist Criticism Through the eyes of society in the late 1800s, women were seen only as incompetent pretty little nothings. Keeping an eyeful watch on the house, starting their pre-destined act of motherhood, and becoming followers on the narrow path behind their husbands were the duties of a woman. In Ibsens A Dolls House, he criticizes the sexist ways women were exploited in 1879, during a time known as The Victorian Era. Noras character, in A Dolls House, represents the treatment that every woman was subjected to during The Victorian Era. As pure little play dolls for their husbands, women were treated in extremely childish ways. Such as the scene demonstrated in A Dolls House when Nora is caught in a lie, telling her husband no one was present at the house when indeed Helmer saw that Krogstad was there. Helmer wags his finger at Nora and says, Never must my little songbird do a thing like that! Little songbirds must keep their pretty little beaks out of mischief; no chirruping out of tune! (Ibsen 949). In the public eye, by men, women were essentially looked at as one mans honoring trophy. By other women they were looked at as one mans wife, who would never be able to be independent or survive without her husband leading the way. Nora starts out in the play as the typical woman of her time, flowing through the house with hums of sweetness. However, she is sneaky by hiding such things as the macaroons, the Christmas tree, and presents. She also hides riskier subjects such as the forged unpaid loan she took out for her husbands life, and the blackmail presented by Krogstad, leaving her with the challenge of finding herself. A challenge that the majority of women back in this era would not think twice of attempting. Nora becomes very much aware of all the damage that can happen with her family concerning the blackmail. For the time Nora was present in, it would be logical for her to either reveal the truth to her husband or commit suicide, but instead she runs to other alternative solutions. Nora tries to undertake actions that were not very appropriate for women to take during the late 1800s, and her fears end up leading her to hide the truth of the blackmail from her husband. However, when Helmer discovers the letter, Nora loses herself, her power of control, and is forced to face the music. This next scene in the play, when Helmer becomes aware of the secret, represents the reaction a typical man would give to his wife back in the Victorian era. As the truth of the letter lies revealed, Helmer becomes obsessed with the deterioration of his reputation. To Nora, he unveils his true self and heartlessly tells her how she is a hypocrite, a liar, an unfit mother, and coldly says to her, how you have ruined my entire happinessjeopardized my whole future. (Ibsen 974) When in fact she did it so he could be alive to have a future. Regardless of how Helmer shoots down his wife with horrible putdowns, he still insists on staying together and hiding the truth. This made it clear to Nora that rather than being in an honorable marriage, Helmer was more concerned with the political aspect. Then when the I.O.U. was delivered, he rejoiced because his reputation was saved. Yet Nora had already seen his real feelings and realized that she was never truly loved by this stranger. So without staying a night more, Nora leaves her life behind to take care of herself; independently. Which was completely unheard of for women to walk out on their husbands and kids to start a new life during the Victorian era. Women were just meant to sit and be pretty, to be simple and allowed to do nothing! In Ibsens A Doll House, he clearly attacks the dishonorable way women were treated during the Victorian era. However, throughout the play Nora becomes strong and at the end it appears that she makes a stand against every stereotypical way women were looked at, only as a wife, mother, child, and basically pretty little nothings. Its obvious that at the end

Understanding Hamlet essays

Understanding Hamlet essays Over time many opinions have been formed about William Shakespeares work Hamlet. Yet through the quagmire of confusion surrounding the tragedy none have spoken than T.S. Eliot. Eliot sees hamlet as somewhat of an artistic failure due to its confusion between the main plot and the main character. In his analysis Eliot recalls the work of other authors who have talked the subject of Hamlet. He states that many authors connect with Hamlet and dont come to realize their own creative potential. These men come to think of the drama as a classic and therefore see it as an extension of there own artistic ability. Eliot also realizes that in the case of Hamlet interpretation is futile and that only criticism is relevant. Interpretation comes with a certain understanding of the nature of the work and a basis on the history surrounding the tragedy. Through searching and digging many scholars have found the historical relevance behind Hamlet, but Eliots belief is that the public as a whole was to be left ignorant of this information and in turn was not meant to fully understand the full scope of the play. Eliots idea is valid and it has many good points, but I tend to disagree with him. It is true that much of the story line in Hamlet is confusing and that the emphasis shifts numerous times from the actual plot to the actions of the main character, but I find that to be what draws me towards the story. The play is time less to me, but not for this time. For those people who lived in the Elizabethan era it may have been a little more straightforward, but to us it seems to have lost its hold and our understanding. ...

International trade between Japan and Africa Essay

International trade between Japan and Africa - Essay Example In relation to this, the African states have also been benefiting from Japan in several ways. These may involve the developmental projects channeled to such African states from Japan. It is of crucial significance o note that Japan’s major target in their trade relations with Africa has been majorly based on the key resources like oil, minerals as well as other raw materials (Raposo, 47). These raw materials are of high demands in the Japanese companies. They are used to make different sorts of products that are sold within the country as well as exported to other nations abroad. This has contributed greatly towards ensuring a robust economic growth in Japan (Raposo, 54). Majority of such products are also old back to the African states. This helps maintain the good relations between the two nations. On the other hand, African states have been benefiting in equal measures following their international trade relations with Japan. Upon providing Japan with the raw materials, Japan has contributed a lot towards providing Africa with huge structural projects as well as soft loans in exchange to the raw materials (Raposo, 63). Such have involved construction of infrastructure necessary to open up Africa to more trade opportunities. These include building of ports, roads, railways as well as airports. However, it is important to note that these amenities always ease the movement of the raw materials back to Japan from

Case 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Case 3 - Essay Example Secondly, Beaver was inspired by the success of the Chegg book rental Company where he worked in course of his studies. Thirdly, the fact that there was no book Rental Company operating near the Campus where Beaver studied made Beaver to spot the opportunity of starting a books rental Company. Although there is looming changes and challenges in book rental industry, continued growth in the Beaver’s Company is still achievable. The following are the three main ways in which Beaver’s TXT Book Rental’s can maintain exponential growth rate despite the imminent changes and challenges in the business. Firstly, the Company can maintain its exponential growth rate by giving high quality services to their customers; to maintain its high growth rate, the Company should give better services to their customers than their rivals. Through the excellent services, therefore, the Company would be able to maintain high level of sales, thus maintaining its exponential rates. Secondly, the Company can maintain its high rate of growth by being innovate and coming up with new ways of increasing their sales; for instance, the Company can come up with new innovate marketing strategies meant to reach more customers, thus increasing sales. Thirdly, TXT Book Rental’s can maintain its exponential rate of growth by diversifying. Although TXT Book Rental’s was founded with the exclusive aim of renting books, there is nothing wrong with the Company diversifying and coming up with different services or products so as to boost its profits, thus maintaining its exponential growth rate. Going forward, the following should be TXT Book Rental’s strategy. To begin with, given the fact that the whole book industry is undergoing a rapid digital revolution, the TXT Book Rental’s Company should not be left behind, but they should also join the digital

Explain the legal position of cohabitees whose relationship breaks Essay

Explain the legal position of cohabitees whose relationship breaks down. Consider whether the law (statutory or otherwise) provi - Essay Example that partner is not entitled to any equity in the home.4 Neither partner is entitled to alimony, either.5 Moreover, the children who are born during the partnership are not automatically considered to be the children of the man in the relationship – other steps must be taken to establish paternity, and couples often do not take these extra steps, so the man has neither the rights nor the responsibilities regarding these children.6 This essay will examine the issues surrounding people who cohabit, as well as the specific cases regarding cohabitation, and will attempt to make recommendations that would help couples be better protected under the UK law. Issues Surrounding Cohabitation One of the major issues surrounding cohabitants is the way that they run their finances.7 Specifically, the rule in the UK about cohabitants is that there is an assumption in the UK law that the partners in the cohabiting relationship are bound to one another to support one another financially.8 Thi s is played out in the context of benefit entitlement – the law in the UK states that two people who are married or co-habiting cannot make individual claims for benefits.9 One of the people in the relationship must make the claim for both people in the relationship, as well as any children who are a part of the relationship.10 The UK law then looks at the joint income of the household, and if the joint income of the household is above a certain threshold, then the people in the household are not entitled to certain benefits.11 The issue with this is that the unmarried cohabiting couple are not obligated to support one another, yet the law treats them as if they are.12 This has implications especially for the female non-working partner. The status for women, with regards to state support, previously was that she could have a valid claim for benefits if she were in an unmarried relationship with a man, but this changed with the Supplementary Benefit Act 1966.13 The Supplementa ry Benefit Act 1966 states that unmarried persons must apply for benefits jointly if they are cohabiting.14 The reason that the law treats the two people in a cohabiting relationship as if they are married is that social policy is geared towards encouraging marriage and discouraging cohabiting relationships.15 In other words, it was in the best interest of the UK government to encourage marriage by not treating cohabitants differently than married couples. This is because, if the UK government chooses to treat cohabitants more favorably than married couples, by giving each partner separate benefits, then this would discourage the couples from marrying. The upshot of this cohabitation rule, is that the non-working partner loses his or her lone parent status, and the benefits that are associated with this status.16 The non-working partner, therefore loses the ability to have their own money, if they are staying home and taking care of the children, and they are forced to rely upon som etimes

Social Policy Essays New Deal Policy

Social Policy Essays New Deal Policy Labours New Deal policy is a strategy to assist many people to obtain vocational skills and find employment. Following an overview of British Welfare Ideology history, the specific attributes of the New Deal policy will be critically reviewed with illustration of how the policy typifies New Labour Welfare Ideology. A. Welfare Ideologies of the Past A brief overview. (a) The Elizabethan Poor Law The legal relief of poverty was first introduced after the demise of compulsory charity that followed the reformation. There were initial parish registers of the poor in 1552 and compulsory fund raising, through to 1601 with the advent of the Elizabethan Poor Law (43 Eliz I Cap. 2). This law oversaw the levying of taxes for the distribution of money and food to the poor but there was a heavy emphasis on hierarchy and charity as the premise for relief. The notion of a long term solution would have affected the fabric of social distinction, and as class was integral to the ideology of the time, long term solutions for the poor beyond handouts were never conceived of. Despite this, the system was humane as the homeless and infirm were provided with indoor relief in custom built accommodations and the outdoor relief was made available to those in their own homes. This ideology continued throughout a number of adaptations to the act, which included the Settlement Act 1662, the Gilberts Ac t 1782 and the Speenhamland System of 1795. (b) From 1834 to the Welfare State a changing Britain The Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 introduced a centralised system of administration of funds and benefits for the poor, and, more notoriously, the workhouse. It was the ideology of the new law that no relief would be made available to those not living inside these workhouses (Poor Law Amendment Act 1834, XXVI). However, the face of Britain was changing and more and more reforms were being brought in to improve the state of public health and education. By the beginning of the 20th century, the Liberal Democrats had set in motion the foundations of the modern welfare state with new laws that were outside the poor law. These included free school meals under the Education Act 1907 and the National Insurance Act 1911. Piecemeal external poor law Acts, designed to deal with specific issues, eventually led to the outright abolition of the Poor Law in 1948 with the National Assistance Act. The concept for this law was for the state to assist all needy UK nationals from the Cradle to the Grave but the sheer cost implications and the rise in numbers of the long term unemployed meant that the New Labour Government of 1997 was faced with a deficit of funds for a dwindling welfare system. When New Labour came to power, there were nearly 2 million unemployed and. In order to rectify this, the Party melded together the 20th century ideology of bettering ones self with the original nurture concepts of post war Britain. B. The New Labour Solution of New Deal A Critical Review 1. An explanation of the New Deal Policy (a) What is New Deal and how does it work? The New Deal policy has two main characteristics. In the first place, it is a Welfare to Work strategy (Department of Employment and Pensions, 2004, at p 1). This therefore means that the policy is to assist individuals, who are on benefits, to make the transition from a dependency on the State to independency through work. The second part of this scheme is also to tie in training with employment in order to achieve long term employment and progression within a chosen industry. Further to this, unlike the Skill Seekers scheme of the Conservative Party, New Deal is aimed at assisting individuals in all age groups and not just school leavers (Department of Employment and Pensions, 2004, at p 1). (b) Has the New Deal Policy been successful? (i) Positive Statistics! The successes of the New Deal Policy are set out at the beginning of the Department of Employment and Pensions report, Building on New Deal: Local Solutions Meeting Individual Needs. Here the Government claims, through its New Deal for Young People (NDYP) to have halved long-term youth unemployment, reduced long term unemployment, including in the over 25s of the New Deal 25 Plus scheme (ND25 plus), by nearly 75% and for those who are over 50 years of age, New Labour professes an addition of over 110,000 individuals into the workforce (Department of Employment and Pensions, at p 2). While it is clear that statistics do not present the full picture and while they may be enhanced through strategic surveying, it is clear that the New Deal Policy has nevertheless proved to be a success in that it has placed many people, who would otherwise have been on benefits, back into the work force. (ii) Room for improvement? Following the first two terms of the New Labour Government, a team at the London School of Economics concluded that while Blairs administration had lifted large swathes of individuals out of poverty, there was, by 2004, a greater gap between the top and bottom ends of the household income brackets (The Guardian, 2004, Target Areas). There has however been a marked negative response, which professes that the New Labour Welfare reforms are nowhere near as successful as those currently in operation in the USA (Smith, D, Online). The Government has acknowledged that the New Deal Policy requires to provide greater assistance to those groups who are referred to as having multiple barriers to work (Department for Work and Pensions, 2004, at p 2). These groups include ethnic minorities, lone parents, the disabled, people aged over 50 and those with few qualifications. 2. How and Why does New Deal typify the New Labour Welfare Ideology? (a) New Labour Welfare Ideology The Third Way? The New Deal Policy of welfare-to-work is clearly set out within New Labours 1997 Election Manifesto and is seen as a key part of New Labours Third Way policy, which is phrased by the acronym PAP (Pragmatism and Populism). This is arguably a distinct approach to Welfare that loosely professes to place itself within the centre to centre-left of present ideologies political spectrum. However, critics argue that the Third Way is not distinctive but instead bears greater characteristics of the political Right than the Centre or Centre Left (Powell, M, at p 41). (b) How and Why New Deal is epitomised by New Labour Ideology (i) Why The divided opinion over the designation of the Third Way into the New Deal policy creates difficulty for the task of illustrating New Deal as a typical example of the Third Way. Therefore, it is better to abandon this concept in order to ascertain the true essence of New Labour Welfare ideology, which is clearly set out in the 1997 Manifesto. The phrase Welfare-to-Work appears frequently throughout this document and is a clear and short summation of New Labours ideology, which is that the Welfare State, far from facilitating a mere basic financial need to survive, is also a support network of services that are to be actively utilised by job seekers in order to place them back into work. Therefore, New Deal, far from merely typifying this ideology, is the very mechanism by which it is realised. This is clarified by the statement made by Andrew Smith MP in his summation of the aims of the New Deal Policy. He states that New Labour is: redesigning the contract between the citizen and the welfare state to one that is active and not passive based on rights as well as responsibilities. We are ending the blight of long term unemployment and the cycle of poverty. (Rt Hon Andrew Smith, MP, May 2004, Department for Work and Pensions, at p iii) Therefore, it seems that the intention of New Labour is that New Deal represents a departure, both from total, long term dependency on the State and virtual abandonment of the impoverished. In other works, it is the tool to progress from Welfare to Work. (ii) How New Deal assists people back into work by providing an interventional service throughout the job seeking stage. As explained above, not only are there separate strategies for the various age groups such as New Deal for Young People, New Deal 25 Plus and New Deal for the over 50s. In addition, New Labour is currently focusing on the development of tailor made care for groups with specific needs, and as also explained above, these include the low skilled, ethnic minorities, lone parents and the disabled. This strategy of focusing on particular groups facilitates a greater efficiency in the carrying out of New Labours Welfare Policy of Welfare-to-Work. Conclusion Analysis of the history of British Welfare Ideology illustrates that New Labours key departure is to create a far more interventional approach to welfare that is designed to ensure that unemployment is strictly temporary. While it is far more likely that this departure is economically as opposed to humanitarianly based, New Deal does far more than merely typify the Welfare-to-Work Ideology as it is the vary basis upon which this ideology is realised. Bibliography Legislation Elizabethan Poor Law 1601 Settlement Act 1662 Gilberts Act 1782 Speenhamland System of 1795. Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 Education Act 1907 National Insurance Act 1911 National Assistance Act 1948 Text Books Clarke J, Cochrane A and Smart C, 1992, Ideologies of Welfare: from dreams to disillusion, London: Hutchison Education Hills J and Stewart, K, 2004, A More Equal Society, New Labour, Poverty, Inequality and Exclusion, Policy Press Articles Powell, M, New Labour and the Third Way in the British Welfare State: A New and Distinct Approach?, Critical Social Policy, Vol. 20, No. 1, 39-60 (2000) Government and Labour Party Publications Labour Party Manifesto, 1997 Department for Work and Pensions Report, 2004, Building on New Deal: Local Solutions Meeting Individual Needs, [Available Online] At: www.dwp.gov.uk/publications/dwp/2004/buildingonnewdeal/mainreport.pdf Web Resource Smith, David, Welfare Work and Poverty, Publication Commentary, [Available Online] At: http://www.economicsuk.com/original/research/david-wwp.html

Essay About Family: My Familys Tradition :: essay about my family

For as long as I can remember the guys on my dads side have always gone hunting and the first gun they used has always been passed down to the next generation. When my parents divorced, I was young around eight years old and for a while my dad and I never felt as close as we did before the divorce. So for a while I never had the opportunity. For the last four years me and my dad have been getting along great, he has remarried and I like my step-mom. I got over to their house on the weekends and this past year during fall and winter my dad decided that it was the right time to pass the tradition on down to me. I was very excited and nervous at the same time, and I had many questions because since they broke up I spent more time with my mom and didn’t learn how to hunt, and shoot that much. Thankfully I was a natural born hunter through my dad and I was already could shoot a gun very accurately. As the time to go hunting grew closer, we went target shooting so I could get used to the gun that my dad used to kill his first deer. It felt going hunting would improve the relationship between my father and I. I wanted to kill a deer more than anything else, then finally the night before we gathered our gear and went to bed early to be ready in the morning. The next morning I woke up around four o’clock and went downstairs to get ready. I walked out side to see how cold it was, and on this November day the air was crisp, moist, and cool. We had some breakfast and got in the truck and met with my step-moms brother and my cousin-in-law, who were also hunting with us. One the ride there I rested my head and I had a dream of killing a big deer. We arrived at my dad’s friends land, we loaded the guns wished each other luck and we went our separate ways on the land, with the hopes of killing a massive buck. Me and my dad faced on more challenge before we reached the huntin g stands, was a big steep hill that was wet from the rain we had over the night. On the way up me and my dad both had to rest to avoid falling and injuring ourselves.

An Example of a Great Classification Essay

My iTunes Library and How It Defines Me â€Å"New York is more than a tan that you’ll never lose,† this quote is by Lady Gaga, who is one of my favorite singers. Quotes like these are unique. This quote shares uniqueness with the music I listen to, which defines me and my personality. I consider myself to be a very unusual and colorful character. Anyone who didn’t know me should be able to figure out my personality just from listening to the music I own. This is primarily because I listen to a variety of genres when it comes to music. The genres that dominate my â€Å"Top 25 Most Played† playlist are: pop, alternative, electronic, hip-hop, and jazz. Pop music for me isn’t just a genre, it’s a lifestyle. Pop is basically the soundtrack to my life. Whether it’s a night out on the town with my closest friends, recovering from a bad break-up, or needing some encouragement after a rough day; there’s a pop song to be played. And with my iTunes library, there’s never a shortage in pop music. Roughly 60 percent of the 1500 songs in my music library are all pop. The most popular artists I listen to in this genre are: Miley Cyrus, Britney Spears, Selena Gomez, Demi Lovato, Maroon 5, Lady GaGa and Ke$ha. Each of these artists has a different â€Å"persona† when it comes to pop music. Miley Cyrus is the rebellious teen who just wants to have a good time. Some of her songs feature heavy processed vocals, while in other ballads, she shows off those pipes that made her famous. Britney Spears is the pop queen of my generation. She shouldn’t necessarily be classified as a singer because she’s more of a performer. Britney plays the â€Å"Good Girl Gone Bad† role perfectly and she has let us know this since she sang her most infamous lyric â€Å"I’m not that innocent! † Demi and Selena are the pop princesses next door. They never sing anything too risque. Maroon 5 is more of pop-rock, and their music is for one of those rainy days when I’m sad. Ke$ha and Lady GaGa deserve their own branch of pop music because their songs are so exotic compared to other artists. Ke$ha is all about glitter, drugs, and partying. I’m certain every single one of her songs mentions glitter or alcohol. She also â€Å"wakes up in the morning feelin’ like P-Diddy† according to her hit single â€Å"Tik-Tok. † How a Caucasian female can wake up in the morning feeling like an African American male baffles me. Lady GaGa is probably the most talked about pop artist. She manages to out-weird herself at every award show. GaGa is all about accepting one’s self, and singing about topics one would not normally sing about. Topics such as but not limited to: sex, money, homosexuality, rebelliousness, colorful hair, religion, and alcohol have all made appearances in one of GaGa’s hit singles. These ladies are all unique in their own way and they make up the reasons why I love pop music. Alternative or â€Å"Indie† music is for the hipster inside of me. It’s music that can express feelings or emotions that I can’t quite explain. My all-time favorite alternative artist is Florence and The Machine. Her haunting voice looms over every track she sings and it’s truly mesmerizing. My favorite song by Florence is â€Å"What the Water Gave Me† from her latest album Ceremonials. Another band that I feel like belongs in this genre is Fleetwood Mac. Of course, anyone who is superior to me in age may question what I know about Fleetwood Mac. I consider Rumours one of my favorite albums of all time as well as one of the greatest albums ever. â€Å"I Don’t Wanna Know†, â€Å"Dreams†, â€Å"Go Your Own Way†, and â€Å"Songbird† are the standout tracks on this album. Alternative music takes up about 20 percent of my iTunes library. It’s definitely the genre I listen to when I feel like nothing else quite explains what I’m feeling. Electronic music really serves only one purpose in just about anyone’s life: to give them something to dance to. This particular genre of music is mastered by DJ’s who often remix pop or hip-hop songs to their tastes. My favorite DJ is the Frenchman David Guetta. He often produces music for several pop artists and releases the songs on his own compilation album. Electronic music also has a sub-genre that has gained notable fame as of late, Dub-step. Dub-step features heavy bass and synthesizers that make the listener want to contort their body in the strangest fashion. This genre came from Europe and was popularized by Britney Spears in America with her comeback single â€Å"Hold It Against Me. † Electronic and dub-step are also much more popular in Europe than they are in America. I feel like this adds charm to my strange library of music. A rather small amount of charm I might add. I’m rather finicky when it comes to this genre so I only have a few songs in this category. Hip-hop for many members in the local community is a lifestyle. For me, it’s something to listen to when I feel narcissistic. This genre takes up a smaller portion of my iTunes Library because I don’t agree with it all of the time. Hip-hops all about being better than everyone else; and by better I mean being hotter, richer, or more talented than the competition. Some notable artists in this genre that I like are: Mac Miller, Beyonce, Kelly Rowland, and Nicki Minaj. Mac Miller is a relatively new artist in this genre. His first studio album actually came out a week ago. However, his lyrics amuse me and he always has a rather swell beat. Beyonce and Kelly Rowland are the same type of artist. This should not come as a shock considering they both got their start in they girl group Destiny’s Child. They are both all about over-sexualizing one’s self and dancing around in skimpy outfits. Beyonce has branched away from that with her latest album 4 which has more of a soul vibe to it. Nicki Minaj is probably the Lady GaGa of hip-hop. She’s very strange. She raps amazingly fast and takes on several alter-egos as she performs. One of this alter-egos is â€Å"Roman. † Roman speaks in a very deep voice and yells profane things often. He can be heard on Nicki’s single â€Å"Roman’s Revenge. † Jazz music is literally music for the soul. It’s music that when you listen to it, you can feel the singers despair, ecstasy, or remorse. The genre takes its roots in the diverse city of New Orleans so it’s only fitting that I represent my home state with some jazz. The only artist that dominates my most played list in this genre is Amy Winehouse. She had a rather tragic life. Her career was often overshadowed by her troublesome addictions that she eventually succumbed to and ended up losing her life over. However, Amy’s talent shouldn’t be forgotten. She was a singer with remarkably talent. Whenever I listen to her smash record Back to Black I almost feel as if I’ve entered her world and can feel her sorrows. To me, that’s what jazz music is all about. The diverse range of music I listen to represents the unusual character that I am. Pop music represents the fun side to me; alternative music represents the more intelligent side of me; electronic music represents the inner party animal that dwells within; Hip-hop represents the part of me that doesn’t care about others opinions; while jazz represents that part of me that’s unpredictable. All of these genres reside in my iTunes library and that library paints the picture of me.

Students and Plagiarism Essay Example

Students and Plagiarism Essay Example Students and Plagiarism Essay Students and Plagiarism Essay Essay Topic: Students Plagiarism is the act of using another user’s research or work without providing an adequate citation or crediting the source. Plagiarism is considered one of the most serious violations of intellectual property in learning institutions. Plagiarism is considered the lack of integrity and interpreted as cheating. It does not matter if the students knowingly or accidentally copied the work. However, despite the disciplinary measures taken to ensure that students do not plagiarize their work, most students fail to provide citations as needed. A different number of authors have tried to provide solutions for plagiarism in institutions. Some authors argue that the approach taken by institutions towards plagiarism in student’s work is entirely wrong. Institutions treat plagiarism as a crime or lack of integrity. Both result in harsh penalties to the student responsible. Students do not fully understand plagiarism and instructors and institutions should do more to educate stud ents on plagiarism ethics, detection methods, avoidance and also consequences. A common viewpoint given by learning institutions and instructors is that students continue to plagiarize in assignments despite the seriousness of the consequences involved. Some argue that students have inherent disregard for school rules and regulations or are rebellious. Susan Blum explains in her article that plagiarism does not indicate the lack of ethics or integrity but the lack of knowledge. Blum notes that institutions approach to plagiarism is entirely wrong. Schools treat plagiarism as lack of integrity by the student or as a crime. Schools that treat plagiarism as the lack of integrity or morality create honor codes. Honor codes are appeals to students to do what is considered right. Honor codes assume that if the social pressure on students is strong enough, they will be less negligent and act accordingly. Students are required to affirm that they will perform per rules set

Six

Six Executive Summary In medical facilities, cost incurred in different sectors need to be managed in an effective manner. Both medical and support staffs need to be incorporated in designing of policies and mechanisms to maintain their expenses at low costs and yet offer quality services.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Six-Sigma at Academic Medical Hospital specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Quality medical attention is a human right, to ensure that they are available at an appropriate cost, all sectors in the hospital need to be analysed and areas of inefficiency recognised. Six-sigma is a management tool that approaches management from a scientific angle; it analyses an entire organizations processes and by creating relationships and data analysis, the area with a deficit is recognized, then coming up with appropriate strategies to minimize threats brought about by the inefficient system. Background Academic Medic al Centre  is a leading medical facility situated in Bijlmer, Netherlands; it doubles as a medical facility and a teaching centre for    University of Amsterdam. To give quality services, resources are required; however, resources are limited, there is need to use the available resources in an appropriate manner. When resources are used in the right manner, then the facility will offer services at an affordable rate and support research and development projects that are crucial in a medical facility. Efficiency in medical facilities has numerous benefits to the business; for example, it gives a facility competitive advantage in terms of expertise, research and customer base. When a company implements a six sigma procedure, it ensure that there is efficiency in all processes in a business it uses scientific methods like data analysis to make decisions in a certain area. The process aims at attaining specializations in areas of interest in a way that the result will give an overal l efficiency in an organization (Snee Hoerl, 2002). It creates special infrastructure and labels the users of such processes as â€Å"Belts†. There are â€Å"green belts† and â€Å"barrack belt† among others. Analysis of six-sigma policy in Academic Medical Centre When implementing a six-sigma policy in business, a number of steps that need to be followed, they follow the policy of DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control). All the above areas are looked into when developing a Six-sigma element in an organisation. Let us analyse the steps involved in each section: Define Academic Medical Centre  has to understand the need to develop a six-sigma management tool; the tool should be taken as a strategic management tool when the company have recognised a deficit between the planned operation and the real operation. In a medical facility, the areas to consider include the costs expenditure, the satisfaction  of patients and customer care. Concerns of customers are noted, the trade of profit is analyzed.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After the problem has been defined, the next stage is for the management to gather all relevant data and facts. Using the facts and data, alternatives of choices are formulated; customers who have complained may be called to give more details, budgets and corporate plans reviewed compare the company with other companies in the same industry, consider data from published and UN published sources. The information gotten will assist is establishing potential benefits (IPBs) and critical to quality factors (CTQ). Measure This stage the management takes time to identify the key factors that influence potential benefits (IPBs) and critical to quality factors (CTQ); it is the stage that is more time consuming because the management need to device measurement to be use to gauge the performance of the entire organization. This stage the management with the assistance of departmental head should devise minimal standards required to be set for an appropriate implementation; they are guided by the corporate plan that was initially operating in the company. This happens after understanding the potential of a certain process. It is appreciated that it may not be possible to get a 100% outcome out of the projects/process in an organization; however, there is a minimal level that the system should not go (Pande, Neuman Cavanagh, 2001). Analyse At this stage having, the potential benefits (IPBs) and critical to quality factors (CTQ) and the key factors that affect them, then an analysis of the root causes of the problem is embarked. The relationship among different variables is established and the areas that require immediate attention recognised. Inefficiency in one-area leads to an inefficiency in another area, thus the source area should be interpolated and p roblem addressed directly. There are different method of analysing data, they include, Z-test, T-test, the chi-square and F-test. The method to be used in on particular approach is dependent with the organisation. Since Academic Medical Centre, has a variety of customer form different social classes, it is important to use Z-test (Pyzdek Paul, 2009). Improve With deep problem understanding and having analysed data, the next stage is to choose the best alternative to implement. Since in a hospital situation there are a number of departments, various alternatives may need to be developed each responsive to the needs of a certain department. Implementation team has a deep understanding of the problem at hand, has a well-defined picture of what is going on in an organization, understand departments with inefficiencies and the financial implications of the gaps. Alternatives are derived and the best alternative among the many is considered.Advertising We will write a custom as sessment sample on Six-Sigma at Academic Medical Hospital specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is important to follow a scientific managerial decision making process. Managerial decision-making is the process through which managers arrive at the alternative solution to a given challenge facing an organization. The success of an organization is dependent on the quality of decision made its manager. One of the major attributes that make a good manager stand out is his or her decisiveness. The quality of decisions made will directly be reflected in the performance of his or her organization. Control The last stage is control of the implemented project; controlling teams need to have a experienced personnel’s who have been recognized to have a certain efficiency level in an area, they should be empowered to conduct their duties. Though it is the final stage, it carries a lot of weight since it oversees that every process in the organizat ion has been fully upgraded. Feedback is of importance and considered for further decision making. The following are some of the tools for this work quality control process charts, control charts, and standardization practices. Repeatedly there may be possibility that the company devise better ways of doing things and this should not be locked out be the system (Pande, Neuman Cavanagh, 2001). Recommendations and Conclusion Academic Medical Centre  need to develop an efficient Six-sigma management system; under the system the company will establish its areas of weakness and determine the appropriate strategies to implement to improve the overall performance of a the medical facility. Other than focusing in one area, the policy will assist the company look into both medical staffs and support departments. The managers will be able to control cost so as they can offer quality services at an affordable rate and have enough finances for research and development. References Pande, S., Neuman, P., Cavanagh, R. (2001).  The Six Sigma Way: How GE, Motorola, and Other Top Companies are Honing Their Performance. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Professional. Pyzdek, T., Paul, A. (2009).  The Six Sigma Handbook. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Snee, D., Hoerl, W. (2002).  Leading Six Sigma: A Step-by-Step Guide Based on Experience with GE and Other Six Sigma Companies. Upper Saddle River: FT Press.

Essentials Skills for Business Projects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Essentials Skills for Business Projects - Essay Example This overview affects all types of business projects excluding projects in distance education. Several project managers underutilize their skills about project management (Crawford, 2000). This paper evaluates the key skills required for the successful completion of business projects and reviews the common reasons for project failure. By acclimatizing with better project management skills, the modern-day project managers can improve their skills in executing and accomplishing the goals and objectives of business projects as defined by the senior management.   For any business project to take off and cruise through all the obstacles and challenges, proper project planning is a key factor and skill in completing the imminent objective successfully. Project managers have to develop clear prospective outcomes as well as execute desirable tasks needed to accomplish the objectives. The most significant initial step is identifying the scope of the project (Lavell & Martinelli, 2008). By doing this, project managers can estimate the size, boundaries, and purpose of the project in such a way that they â€Å"create a box† that facilitates the real components needed â€Å"in the box† while distinguishing them from the ones â€Å"out of the box.† Consequently, skillful project managers must ensure that they deliberate on every executable task in order to unearth ideas that can propel the business project to the final stage (Remington & Pollack, 2007). After brainstorming, the tasks should be arranged in the most consistent or der to get the business project running to its completion. However, new tasks might come up in the course of the business project, and skilled project managers should not hesitate to add them appropriately without changing the scope of the project (Fairholm, 2003). With the above measures, the budget of the business project needs accurate estimation.

Journal reflection (se instructions) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journal reflection (se instructions) - Essay Example I was relieved by the arrangement and hoped this would allow me to focus on them better. However, my initial relief was quickly replaced by apprehension when I realised that it was a full inclusion class, containing students of different races and gender and disabilities. The realisation did unnerve me a little for I was plagued by the thought of doing justice to them all and provide them with a good learning experience. At the outset, the students seemed comfortable. But I could discern that some of them were quite occupied with toys whereas there were others on a lookout for a similar preoccupation but not finding any, seemed on the brink of mischief. My initial endeavour was to divide them in random groups of five, which would make it easier to supervise. Students then were given different tasks to be carried out as groups under our supervision. For example, a construction model was handed out to students who had to create a replica on the basis of a picture provided. Such an activity not only gave the chance to introduce new things to them but also allowed interaction between students. Thus we began planning activities that would require students to interact with another and help them build social competency skills. I was aware about the need to maintain multiculturalism in my teaching since I had a lot of Indian, Chinese and Hispanic students in my class. We decided to allot one day of the week and call it â€Å"Culture Day†, where the classroom and activities will be designed to acquaint children with that particular culture. Moreover, the fact that I had read on my students’ cultures helped me since I could interpret their behavioural traits. I understood the importance of participation of the student’s families to help me with this endeavour and sought their collaboration. Yet another problem I faced was of teaching disabled children. These children were finding it difficult to cope with other

Significance of Organizational Behaviour in Managing Human Resources Essay

Significance of Organizational Behaviour in Managing Human Resources - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that in almost all cases, human resources are considered as the key towards the success of a business organization. Considering the tight competition in the global markets, proper management of human resources has gained importance within the private and public sector. In general, this report will discuss the significant contribution of organizational behavior in the management of human resources. Â  As compared to the use of another leadership style, this report will highlight the benefit of using transformational leadership style when it comes to managing, motivating and maximizing the use of each employee’s talent and acquired skills. With this in mind, differences between the benefits of using transformational leadership will be compared with the use of autocratic, authoritative and transactional leadership approach to managing employees. Also related to the idea of motivating employees to perform well in their assigned task, th is report will explore the benefit of using intrinsic rewards over the use of an extrinsic form of rewards. A corporate leadership is a special skill that each manager should possess in order to make them become a competent leader. In almost all circumstances, it is unacceptable for a leader to make a quick judgment towards people and/or a business situation without having a concrete evidence to back him up in the end. It means that a good leader is expected to have a combination of wisdom, integrity, sensitivity, and tenacity (WITS). Since a manager must always base decisions on concrete facts, the author mentioned that a good leader must have these traits to be able to have a clear vision of the business trends. Kotter mentioned that having a good leadership skill is important in terms of enabling managers to become more effective in terms of delegating the task to each employee. Even though there are some managers who are fully equipped with proper management skills, some of them will remain unable to make a business successful in terms of competing in the global market because of the absence of good leadership skill.

The Christian Fundamentalist Movement Essay Example for Free

The Christian Fundamentalist Movement Essay As it exists in America, the Christian fundamentalist movement is comprised of Protestant evangelical fundamentalists who seek a complete restructuring of the social and political order, so that all proceeding generations may be brought up in accordance with their doctrine. The most central tenet to their movement is the idea that their sacred scripture, the Bible, is indisputably inerrant, and provides a strict set of rules and guidelines that can be applied to a person in any context. In Martin Marty’s anthology â€Å"The Fundamentalism Project,† he explores the role that fundamentalism plays in politics, the family, and society as whole. Understanding that â€Å"fundamentalism† is a word often misused or wrongly attributed to certain groups, Marty’s works primarily aim at distinguishing the term, and illustrating it’s distinct origin. Furthermore, he describes the integral role of women in sustaining a movement that is essentially patriarchal, and helps us to see how this fits into Manuel Castells notion that the patriarchal family may soon be a thing of the past. Defining and Distinguishing â€Å"Fundamentalism† Fundamentalism, in the most general of senses, is a strategy used within religious communities to reclaim their sacred past, and therefore maintain their identity as a distinct group. They refer to selected doctrines and scriptures, which are considered to be the â€Å"fundamentals† of their beliefs. They are zealously driven by a sense of self-preservation, and the need to convert their adversaries (who, in their case, is anyone but themselves) (Marty, 1). Protestant fundamentalists fit this definition well. They emerged in the early 20th century in opposition to, what they considered to be, an increasingly morally corrupt world. They have since continued to revere the â€Å"fundamental† requirements for salvation by basing every aspect of their lives on the perceived â€Å"divinely inspired† writings of the Bible . Several central features of Protestant fundamentalism shape its identity not only as a religious faith, but also as a strict, oppositional, closely-knit social cohort. The first of these is evangelism, which fundamentalists hold to the up-most importance. Since they see only themselves as saved, they xpend most of their energy on convincing outsiders that they must avoid eternal damnation through conversion (to fundamentalism) by broadcasting evangelical messages over radio and television and various other means. Secondly, fundamentalists believe in a strict biblical inerrancy. That is, they claim â€Å"that the only sure path to salvation is through a faith in Jesus Christ that is grounded in unwavering faith in an inerrant Bible,† and that â€Å"the Bible can be trusted to provide an accurate description of science and history, as well as morality and religion† (Ammerman, 5). Hence their upsurge at the turn of the 20th century, when various scientific and philosophical theories (such as Darwinism) that did not adhere to the written word became increasingly accepted, and they sought to turn everyone back to the strict, unwavering accuracy of the scriptures (Moore, 46). Thirdly, fundamentalists are a pre-millennialist group who use their faith in the Bible to â€Å"predict the future,† that is, the coming of the End. This belief provides them with even more motivation to evangelize, because they think there is only a limited time before the second coming of Jesus and thus a limited time to save non-believers before they are condemned to hell. Lastly, separatism is one of the more crucial features of fundamentalism, because it is the basis for how fundamentalists exist in society. They insist that a true believer will not only follow a strict set of guidelines for his or her own life, but will also shun any person who does not share their lifestyle. In fact, it is this desire to ostracize the mainstream population that originally set fundamentalists apart at the emergence of their movement, as they share much in common with closely related factions such as conservative, or evangelical Christianity. For example, fundamentalists agree with conservative Christian’s â€Å"traditional† understanding of such doctrines as the Virgin Birth, the historical accuracy of Jesus’ miracles, and the imminent second coming of Christ. However, not all conservative Christians agree on how one achieves salvation, which is where evangelical Protestantism veers off. While certain conservative Protestants consider themselves â€Å"saved† if they are baptized and active, faithful members of their church, only evangelicals believe that salvation is solely for those who accept Jesus Christ as their savior and devote their lives to living in his name (a tenant crucial to fundamentalism). And, since many evangelicals place revelatory powers in experience, they cannot all be considered fundamentalists who seek revelation through the scriptures alone. But still, for most of the early 20th century, â€Å"fundamentalists† and â€Å"evangelicals† were barely distinguishable; both groups â€Å"preserved and practiced the revivalist heritage of soul winning and maintained a traditional insistence on orthodoxy† (Ammerman, 4). It wasn’t until fundamentalists chose to actively oppose liberalism, secularism, and communism in a militant fashion that they ostracized themselves from the rest of society, which evangelicals sought to remain in. Historical Background of the Fundamentalist Movement In every society social change proceeds at an uneven pace. Some society members embrace change with relish, while others find it oppressive and troubling. And, when people feel that change is being imposed on them, many will find it necessary to resist. Such was the case with America’s earliest fundamentalists. The early 20th Century Fundamentalist Movement sprung from the Great Awakening in objection to its principles of liberal theology, German higher criticism, Darwinism, all which appeared to undermine the Bible’s authority. The growing discontentment of numerous religiously conservative Christians pushed them to unify and organize, aided by the emergence of a twelve volume series between 1910 and 1915 titled The Fundamentals. This collection was conceived by a Southern California oil millionaire and edited by Bible teachers and evangelists. It contained ninety articles, twenty-seven of them devoted to the Bible, which outlined clearly what were thought to be the essential, fundamental beliefs of Christianity that could not be compromised. It detailed fundamentalism’s core tenets, specifically: The inerrancy of the Bible, the literal nature of the Biblical accounts (especially regarding Christs miracles and the  Creation account in Genesis), the Virgin Birth of Christ, the substitutionary atonement of Christ on the cross, and the bodily resurrection of Christ (Witherup, 7). These provided the disunited body of participants with a single set of goals, prompting them to ban together to enact change and essentially transforming fundamentalism into a specific movement. However, throughout the following decade this new religiously conservative coalition against liberalism was merely a nagging voice of dissent, still widely considered bigoted or anti-intellectual, and failed to gain significant credibility (Marsden, 124). Fundamentalists remained divided on several key issues, which prevented them from gaining any real solidarity. For example, while most fundamentalists were mainly concerned with biblical inerrancy, many were more focused on dispensationalism, a eschatological theology concerned with the so-called â€Å"end of times. At this end of the spectrum a â€Å"small group of dispensationalist spokes-men pushed the cultural pessimism to its logical extreme,† who used rhetoric that â€Å"was certainly not in any way connected with positive, progressive reformism† (Marsden, 125). This prevalent face of fundamentalism was in no way appealing to the American public, and was counter-productive to the movement. In 1925, the infamous Scopes â€Å"monkey trial† brought to the forefront of the American Public the clash between modernity and fundamentalists. The trial concerned a high school teacher, John Scopes, who was convicted of teaching the scientific theory of evolution in opposition to the biblical teaching of creation. Though the fundamentalist prosecutor William Jennings Byron won the case, liberal press coverage of this legendary trial ultimately led to a severe loss of public support. Nevertheless, Byron would go on to becoming one of the most popular and appealing faces to the movement, and would continue to fuel its growth. The economic depression of the 1930’s provided a context in which fundamentalism could not easily thrive. Such dark times called for a comforting, optimistic theology†¦characteristics not often attributed to fundamentalism. However, this sense of social crisis brought to the fore moral reformist leaders like William B Riley, who began to stress political change as essential to fundamentalist goals. A number of conservative conferences in  New York City  and Philadelphia led to the formation of a larger and more comprehensive organizations the  World’s Christian Fundamentals Association and the Fundamental Baptists of America. Having also lost control of the denominational seminaries, fundamentalists regrouped around a set of independent Bible institutes and Bible colleges. Many of these schools, such as the  Moody Bible Institute  in Chicago and the  Bible Institute of Los Angeles not only provided instruction to their students but assumed many of the duties formerly performed by denominational institutions. They published periodicals, broadcast from their own  radio stations, held conferences, and maintained a staff of extension speakers. They operated like a denominational headquarters, providing a bond between otherwise isolated congregations (Bruce, 55). Although fundamentalism was pushed to the fringe of the Christian community by the new Evangelical movement, it continued to grow as new leaderships arose. The  Baptist Bible Fellowship, formed in 1950, became one of the largest fundamentalist denominations. By 1975 there were 34 Regional organizations, 16 active military chaplains, 11 student chaplains, 1261 individual members and 614 churches. A total of 28 missionary organizations were members of the IFCA movement. They included 13 church extension missions, 11 home missions, and 4 foreign missions. Five Bible institutes and colleges also were members. Then, in 1979 Jerry Falwell pushed the movement into political sphere by founding the Moral Majority, a civic organization that crusaded against what it viewed as negative cultural trends, especially legalized abortion, the  women’s movement, and the  gay rights movement. It also lobbied for prayer in public schools, increased defense spending, a strong anticommunist  foreign policy, and continued American support for the State of Israel. The Moral Majority led a new generation of fundamentalists beyond simply denouncing cultural trends and back into an engagement with contemporary life in the political arena, a place where they have been quite outspoken for the past couple of decades. For example, fundamentalists were strong supporters of President  George W. Bush  and played an important role in the election of Republicans at all levels of government. They also continued to promote conservative positions on various questions of social policy. They took advantage of the post-cold war liberalist attitude by zealously lobbying for political and moral reform at abortion clinics, funerals for homosexuals, etc, to make their point loud and clear. According to Marty Martin, fundamentalists entered â€Å"a new phase of intense activism in the aftermath of the Gulf War (1990-1991) and the collapse of the Soviet Union, in a world that now seemed beset by an inward turning of peoples, or by antipluralist particularisms† (Marty, 7). Even further fueled by the ultural revolution of the 1960’s and early 70’s, especially the assaults on traditional standards of family and sexuality, fundamentalists sought to completely re-structure American culture. They continued to promote conservative positions on various questions of social policy, and given that their â€Å"end† is in sight, have been increasingly forceful in doing so. In other words, the fundamentalist movements’ participants believe that their t ime is running out to achieve their movement’s goals, therefore they need to take advantage of every opportunity they can. In fact, â€Å"the politicization of fundamentalistic evangelicism in recent decades and its unexpected resilience as a political force points to another larger story in American culture, the weakening of the progressive modern scientific liberal consensus that seemed to be building in the first half of the 20th century† (Marsden, 255). Fundamentalism and The Family According to Marty, the fundamentalist desire to return to a â€Å"sacred past† is the motivation behind their focus on re-establishing â€Å"the family† as a staple of social order. They believe that the â€Å"traditional† family is one reminiscent of 17th century Puritanism, a time when religion played as large a role in society as it should now. Christian fundamentalist see the family as the ultimate authority, as it has become a â€Å"potent symbol of an idealized moral order† (Hardacre, 131). Thus, â€Å"the imperative to ‘return’ to an idealized form of the family is perhaps the highest priority of the fundamentalist social agenda† (Hardacre, 131). They see the family as the divine infrastructure that is the basis for all other institutions in society, and are encouraged by spiritual leaders to make the home a moral haven from a corrupt world. The â€Å"traditional† lifestyle that is so revered by Christian fundamentalists is a patriarchal one, in accordance with the Bible. As a result, women willingly assume the subordinate position which is widely considered anti- feminist. In their idealized family, the husband is the sole breadwinner who exercises final authority in all matters, and the wife’s role is simply to serve her husband, children and God. Additionally, females in fundamentalist households are taught to stifle their sexuality, as it could be used as a tool to manipulate the males in society. And, â€Å"women’s personification of tradition also takes the form of (often explicit) restrictions on their physical movements away from home† (Hardacre, 139). In order to stick with â€Å"tradition,† women are often required to forego education beyond basic literacy, and employment in leading sectors of the economy (and most other professions). Especially from a feminist standpoint, it is oftentimes difficult to see why women would become such passionate advocates for a creed that deepens their subordination to men and requires them to relinquish most of their power. However, within fundamentalism, the female role of motherhood is considered to be the most crucial foundation for the family and society as a whole. Since many fundamentalists chose to homeschool their children, these mothers are also the sole educators for their oftentimes many offspring. And, as a large part of their educational focus is on Biblical study, females are called to pass on the meaning of their sacred scripture to the next generation. So though their perpetuation of patriarchy is widely considered anti-feminist, fundamentalist women do not see themselves as such. Instead, they see themselves as carrying out the ultimate female duty as God calls upon them to do. The Quiverfull movement is a smaller, more recent group who share the same desire for a â€Å"traditional† patriarchal family. They are a movement of people who believe is eschewing all forms of birth control, and willingly accepting as many children as they conceive. Not only are they unwilling to prevent pregnancy, but in the same effort to maintain patriarchy wives are required to engage in sexual intercourse whenever their husband so chooses, oftentimes resulting in frequent reproduction. The basis for their lifestyle is found in Old Testament Bible verses in Psalm 127:3-4 that proclaims â€Å"Lo, children are an heritage of the LORD: and the fruit of the womb is his reward; As arrows are in the hand of a mighty man; so are children of the youth. Happy is the man that hath his  quiver full  of them† (Quiverfull). Despite the premise of their movement being selection from a religious text, the Quiverfull movement is self-described as non-denominational, though it is often described as both evangelical and fundamentalist. Though their members are predominately evangelical (if not evangelical fundamentalists), look closer will see how they really fit in as a subset to the overall fundamentalist movement. As was just mentioned, the foundation of Quiverfull beliefs comes from a literal translation of the Bible, a characteristic of evangelicism and fundamentalism. And, they don’t only base their reproductive habits off of the Bible; Quiverfulls maintain that the Bible is inerrant in it’s entirety. In consequence, Quiverfull families base their familial structure off of the same scriptures that fundamentalists do, creating the same male-headed families. However, it would probably be inaccurate to say that all members of the Quiverfull movement share the same desire for separatism that is characterized in the participants of the fundamentalist movement. The fact that they do not self-describe themselves as Christian fundamentalists (though they do refer to the â€Å"fundamentals†) alone is suggestive of their less-exclusive nature. For example, if I were to decide now that I want no part in birth-control or family planning, and advocated that as the correct way of life, I would be part of the Quiverfull movement despite any of my other personal ideologies. Nevertheless, the premise of the movement coincides with objectives of fundamentalists, so it still can be considered a contribution to the success of the larger Fundamentalist movement as a whole. The Fundamentalists Identity In Castells’ â€Å"The Power of Identity,† he provides three origins of â€Å"identity building,† the basis for the formation of â€Å"purposive collective actions whose outcome, in victory as in defeat, transforms the values and institutions of society† (Castells, 3). One of these, â€Å"resistance identity,† is similar to McAdam’s idea of â€Å"oppositional consciousness. The latter is vital to the success of any social movement, because the creation of a common enemy creates solidarity between its members, allowing them to link their experiences of injustice to their oppressors, thus providing them with a common obstacle. This type of identity-building â€Å"constructs forms of collective resistance against otherwise unbearable oppression, usually on the basis of identities that were, apparently, clearly defined by history, geography, or biology, making it easier to essentialize the boundaries of existence†. In this case, a collective identity is formed in response to dominant institutions or ideologies, just as fundamentalism emerged to combat the scientifically-progressive ideologies of the early 20th century. Fundamentalism is understood to be â€Å"the construction of collective identity under the identification of individual behavior and society’s institutions to the norms derived from God’s law, interpreted by a definite authority that intermediates between God and humanity† (Castells 2, 13). Thus, to be properly perceived by fundamentalists one has to share their commitment to a authority, as they do in respect to patriarchal order and God. Castells also argues that the new global order with its uncontrollable processes of globalization and individualization of identity is accompanied by several brand new demographical tendencies. Among them there are the high rates of divorce, separation, delayed marriages, children born out of wedlock, violence in the family, gay and lesbian couples, single lifestyles etc. Castells 2, 26) All of these challenge patriarchalism by undermining its material and ideological bases, and Castells sees the Christian family as the only source of stability to this order. He claims that American Christian fundamentalism is not a rationalization of class interests, or territorial communal movements, but is rather â€Å"a political process of defense of the moral, Christian values† with the help of images from the past projected into the utop ian future (Castells, 25). Therefore, fundamentalism derives its strength from the American culture with its deep religiosity as well as â€Å"familistic individualism† and pragmatism as a shelter from solitude and uncertainty of the contemporary  world (Castells). Fundamentalism: A Self Sustaining Movement For its participants, fundamentalism began with the formation of the scriptures and its sustainability is inevitable due to its universal validity. The only threat to its existence is the event after which worldly matters are no longer a concern to fundamentalists: the imminent second coming of their savior, Jesus Christ. Until then, fundamentalism continues to exist in the social order as a well-organized, un-relenting, unified movement, fighting to influence American institutions in accordance with their beliefs. And, with America in the midst of major political and religious upheaval, there has never been a better time for fundamentalists to impose a structural change on our society. Concerning its sustainability, the fundamentalist movement has a clear, unwavering set of tenets and goals which can apply to every society. Furthermore, the solidarity of it’s members has been highly influenced by the movement’s ubiquitous enemy: contemporary American culture. Their formation of an oppositional consciousness has been inherent in their basic dogma, and their list of enemies remains lengthy and ever growing. Their political opportunity has also continued to grow in strength, with an increasing number of right-wing conservatives standing behind their cause. This increase in ideological allies has been paired with a decrease in the strength of repression in society, as more and more Americans have become sympathetic to the fundamentalist message. This has been partially due to the post-9/11 need for revenge against a common enemy, which called for Americans to ban together and generally promoted the idea of returning to the â€Å"family. † This idea is further supported today by public figures like Sarah Palin and Glen Beck, the latter of whom is regarded higher in public-opinion than the president himself. Even despite their philosophical differences, evangelicals and fundamentalists have come together in their plight to change the schooling system, in opposition to secular humanism. Together they seek a â€Å"God-centered education that emphasizes character development and spiritual training,† which requires a totally upheaval of the standard American educational system (Rose, 456). They have pressured public schools to remove certain books from classrooms and libraries, to teach scientific creationism alongside (or in place of) evolution, to eliminate sex education entirely, to adopt textbooks that reinforce â€Å"traditional† American values, that can be found in the scriptures and to avoid â€Å"controversial† subjects in the classroom, such as sex or evolution (Rose, 453). Protestants have developed their own branch of Christian schools, which though may not be strictly comprised of fundamentalists, is most popular among the more separatist and conservative wing of the evangelical movement. Since the 1960’s enrollments in non-Catholic religiously affiliated schools, or schools of which the majority are evangelical, have increased some 149 percent (Rose, 454). These schools have been the fastest growing sector of private education, with approximately one million students (K-12) enrolled in roughly ten thousand schools, which equates to 20% of the total private school population. The goal of this alternate form of education is to restore religious authority in society, re-strengthen parental authority, and educate their children while protecting them from â€Å"drug, sex, violence, and the lack of discipline in the public schools† (Rose, 455). The schools form a sort of protective bubble around the fundamentalist youth, limiting their knowledge of diversity and progressive society. At fundamentalist universities, the Bible is the only form of literature that students study, and many times neither group discussion nor essay writing is part of the regular curriculum (Rose, 461). In other words, students read (for the most part) only the Bible, and do not practice the normal skills that an education requires. This singularization of their knowledge successfully teaches children that fundamentalism is not only the right way, but the only way to live. All in all, it is clear that Protestant fundamentalism is concerned with protecting the sanctity of their ideology in every aspect. Worship, education, the family, friends, recreation, etc. must all adhere to a strict set of doctrinal beliefs, which can only be found in their inerrant Bible. Due to their confined nature, there is little room for desegregation with people of other faiths, which helps to perpetuate the distinct roles that women and children play in this sometimes described anti-progressive or anti-modernist movement. In their plight to change the schooling system, fundamentalists have merged with evangelicals to oppose the secular humanism that they consider to be contaminating their children’s minds. Together, they seek a â€Å"God-centered education that emphasizes character development and spiritual training,† which requires a totally upheaval of the standard American educational system (Rose, 456). In addition, their patriarchal communities have restrained the role of women, keeping them solely in the households to raise and sometimes educate their children. Furthermore, children are encouraged to confine their friendships, dating partners and spouses within the church, allowing little room for outward mobilization. For the most part, they constrain their children to educating them only the â€Å"basics† of Protestant fundamentals, and by rearing them in such a male dominated environment, perpetuate an anti-feminist ideology (Hardacre, 134). Conclusion It is the fundamentalist insistence on â€Å"uniformity of belief within ranks and separation from others whose beliefs and lives are suspect† that has shaped a fervently unique demographic (Ammerman, 9). Their determination to accumulate ideological allies through zealous evangelism has taken fundamentalism from being a theological doctrine, to existing as a strong and ever growing social movement. Their separatist nature has led them to develop their own faith-based communities, churches, schools, universities, radio stations, television shows and more. By creating their own neighborhoods and penetrating the education system, fundamentalists have succeeded in mobilizing and growing in size and authority.

Brief Survey of Psychology :: essays research papers

Psychology seems to be like the science of perception turned into prejudices. I know there is a lot more to it than that, but that seemed to be what Kevin was focusing on. This does not mean bad prejudices like racial prejudices, but good ones like when I go to sleep tonight I will wake up tomorrow. I believe I will wake up tomorrow because I woke up today, if I did not believe that I might have a hard time getting to sleep since I would fear not waking up. So when people who saw a picture of a young girl, then they were shown a picture of both the old woman and the young girl together, they were very likely to fist see the young girl.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I like to think that I am able to think outside the box, but when told to draw four continuous lines through nine points in a box, my mind was unable to think outside that box! Psychology is a power tool because it allows us to take a step back and look at the big picture of individual behavior. We are more able to notice behavior that we take for granted, such as blaming outside influence for our failures, and attributing our success to our own hard work. I would like to think that now people know they how they attribute success and failure, that they would change their ways, and give credit where credit is do, plus attempt to right there wrongs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A topic that I believe could be studied from a social psychologist perspective, is the â€Å"Why do they hate us?† ideology following September 11 2001. Most believe they hate us because they desire our freedom, something for which we pride ourselves. Few people will even attempt to look for the real reasons, such as the 432 + governments we have overthrow since the Regan Administration or the arms we sell to tyrannical dictators. No it must be something good we did, because we only see the good we do. Conversely we only see the bad they do, that’s right the Koran is only about a Jihad and all the people in the middle east wear towels, so that’s why all the people in the middle east hate us, because the towels give them fevers, therefore they are crazy.

Environmental Benefits And Challenges Of Urbanization Essay

This paper has been written to analyze in-depth, the pollution, covering air, water, chemicals, and other such related issues in the United States. Further, I would also be developing an environmental health teaching plan to address one of these issues. Environmental issues are becoming very prevalent in today’s world. The question is why the environment and its concerns are becoming more prevalent, important and famous now. For this, we will need to look at the history. For decades we have neglected this seemingly dangerous issue due to which it has been going unnoticed. The reason we never before paid heed to this concern or issue is because this issue’s repercussions were not evident in the previous years. As no such notice regarding this issue was taken into consideration, it could not even be rectified. (Abel & McConnell, 2007). However, with the advent of global warming and other factors such as acid rain, prevalence of carbon dioxide and the ever increasing penetration of green house gases has put many lives at stake making many people fear that this world will not continue to exist or survive for more than 10 years from now on that means that by 2018 this world will have used most of the resources and this is basically due to the wastages of resources available to us. The basic thing that we have to consider here is to think hard about the issue as to how we can prevent our precious resources from depletion, disappearance and from vanishing. To answer this question we can simply say that we should use our resources optimally. (Kemp, 2007). It is believed that the next war that would be held would be for the sole purpose of resources. The 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Centre highlights the hidden objective of the resources. Although this act would be illegal and an immoral thing or practice, therefore many countries other than the one going for the war would object to this act for spoiling the world peace. U. S is a super power of the world and it is always trying to get hold of the resources. They are doing this by capturing resources, snatching them and raiding the countries that have abundant of these resources such as O. P. E. C countries and countries with no or minimal problems of the water shortage or the countries thave abundant of resources like the crude oil, natural coal and the natural gas. (Harris 2004). The reason why some countries have been the target of the United States is because although these countries might have some kinds of resources, however they do not have any resources that can be used to combat the threat or the attack coming from the super power such as the US and countries that are the allies of the U. S. such as European Union that also includes Turkey. Furthermore, these countries have a very weak defence and military, but the most important two factors that are responsible for their vulnerability are mentioned below. †¢ Lack of Decisive and Prowess Leadership. †¢ Ignorance to the current affairs and the intelligence. This is one of the major problems that might create huge problems for the countries US has their eyes on. With all the afore mentioned details to the problem, now let us go deeper in to the affects of the ignorance this problem environment exploitation that is also supported by the fact that he next war expected to take place is on the resources. The mere resources which were once used with out any fear of them being depleted once are now being depleted all because of the lack of the knowledge and the lack of the far sightedness of the problem. Now this problem has become very prominent and inevitable. The depletion of resources is not a small problem but it is vice versa. It is a very big problem that can greatly affect our future generations and if this problem goes unsolved today then our generations will have no future or to put it more realistically our future generation is going to be at the mercy of an unsafe future with lots of pollutants in the air. Therefore, if this problem goes unrectified then its repercussions can be innumerable, our future generation is at stake and now is definitely the time to act upon. (Horner, 2007). The United States of America, in past many years have taken initiative to contribute towards environment uplift and betterment of the environment. Environmental hazards do not have any boundary. The boundaries separating the countries subordinate to environmental impacts. Global warming, green house gases, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide penetration know no boundary and their impact is much due to which there is a dire need now is to prevent exposure to these hazards. However, the US cannot alone can not take any initiative to combat this seemingly deadly hazard and so it requires input and the cumulative effort to prevent this penetration in to our lives and body but as the US is one of the major super powers of the world, it must take the initiative. Furthermore, US is well equipped with resources and can lead the world to save the environment. (Houghton, 2004). US has repeatedly been warned of the repercussions of the gases from chimneys that their factories and companies are producing and how their industrial wastage is discarded. Furthermore, US have broken many protocols and pacts on this regard and continue to exploit environment. US can also be given the name of one of the world‘s biggest pollutants. The environments can also affect international marketing decisions and the planning system of the countries. This is because two different states have two different governments and thus having different polices and laws. Therefore, the marketing decisions that are taken in a country are different from each other according to the social, economic and political environment that exists in the country. (Kitchen & Schultz, 2000). Reference Abel,D. C. & McConnell,R. L. (2007). Environmental Issues: An Introduction to Sustainability. 3rd Edn. Prentice Hall, Paperback. Horner,C. C. (2007). The Politically Incorrect Guide to Global Warming and Environmentalism. Regnery Publishing, Inc. , Paperback. Kemp,D. D. (2007). Exploring Environmental Issues (Kindle Edition). 1st Edn. Taylor & Francis. Kitchen,P. &Schultz,D. (2000). Communicating Globally: An Integrated Marketing Approach. London, Macmillan Business. Scorecard. (n. d. ). More Facts on Pollution. January 3rd, 2009. Retrieved from: http://www. scorecard. org/